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In 1754, an Indian mother and her deaf-mute daughter Rosa were caught in a strong storm and sought refuge in a canyon between the lajas. Rosa exclaimed with her first words "the mestiza is calling me," describing the figures of a woman and child. When returning later, the mother saw an apparition of Our Lady and Child. Some months later, Rosa died but returned to life when her mother prayed again at the cave. When the townspeople came to see, a miraculous image was burned into the rocks. In the image, the Madonna presents a rosary to St. Dominic, keeling at her right. Jesus gives a cord to St. Francis, kneeling to his left. Testing has shown the image to be of indeterminate origin. Geologists from Germany bored core samples from several spots in the image. There is no paint, no dye, nor any other pigment on the surface of the rock. The colors are the colors of the rock itself and run uniformly to a depth of several feet.

The Basilica of St. Therese of Lisieux is the second-largest pilgrimage site in France after Lourdes, dedicated to one of the most popular saints of modern times.

According to ancient Christian tradition, Mary appeared to the apostle James the Greater as he was preaching in Spain. In 40 AD, while facing severe discouragement, St. James was praying on the banks of the Ebro River when the Blessed Mother appeared to him on a column, encouraging him to persevere in his missionary efforts. This apparition is unique because Mary would have bilocated while still alive in Jerusalem or Ephesus.

This house was discovered in 1881 based on the descriptions of Bl. Anne Catherine Emmerich, a bedridden German nun who had never left her own country. Among other visions of the lives of Jesus and the Virgin Mary, Bl. Emmerich described the land around the house where the Virgin Mary may have spent her final years before her Assumption into heaven. The Catholic Church has not issued an opinion on the veracity of the house, but several popes have conveyed blessings and visited the site.